Aphidius ervi is very similar to the colemani, except that it attacks larger species of aphid such as foxglove aphid and potato aphid. The animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. Aphidius colemani and aphidius ervi are both parasitic wasps of a wide range aphid species. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Journal of thermal biology vol 72, pages 1168 february. The braconid aphidius ervi haliday is often reported to be the most important parasitoid, and.
This allows them to locate aphid hot spots from a long distance. Aphidius ervi have become major mortality factors against therioaphis trifolii and. An aphidius ervi in uska species han hymenoptera nga ginhulagway ni alexander henry haliday hadton 1834. Aphididae are small insects sucking sap from a vast variety of. However, if you have multiple aphid species then you can purchase mixtures of two parasitoids. Buglogical natural organic gardeners reference catalog provides solutions to pest problems, ladybugs, praying mantis, beneficial nematodes and beneficial insects. This trait allows females to quickly find hosts in heterogeneous environments, a process mediated by chemosensory. Use aphidius colemani as a preventative or active control measure. Pdf reproductive strategies of aphidius ervi haliday. The first record of aphidius ervi haliday in slovenia. Aphidius colemani is a parasitic wasp native to north america useful for biological control of aphids in greenhouses and outdoor growing.
Kingdom animalia, phylum arthropoda, class insecta, order hymenoptera, family aphidiidae. Bollettino del laboratorio di entomologia agraria filippo silvestri 40 5560. Empty mummy of an aphid, parasitised by parasitoid aphidius ervi photo. Aphid parasitoid applied to many small wasps scientific name. The palaeoarctic parasitoid aphidius ervi haliday hymenoptera, aphidiidae parasitises legume aphids in its region of origin. Aphidius ervi, is shipped as mummies expect to see some hatched adults on arrival, and is an excellent parasite of potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae, foxglove aphid aulacorthum solani and the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. Aphidiidae, a parasitoid of the pea aphid, responded more to aphidinfested plants than to an uninfested plant. Host species suitability and instar preference of aphidius ervi and. Greenhouse cucumbers 1 aphidiusplant, weekly until established.
Courtship behavior in relation to the female sex pheromone. Release the emerged adults within 18 hours of receipt. Aphidius ervi for aphid control aphidius ervi is shipped as mummies expect to see some hatched adults on arrival, and is an excellent parasite of potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae, foxglove aphid aulacorthum solani and the. When aphid populations are high, aphidius colemani alone will not provide. Aphidius ervi ervi will parasitise a number of aphid species but is most commonly used to help control large aphid species such as aulacorthum solani foxglove or glasshouse potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae potato aphid, and acrythosiphum spp. Parasitoid wasp aphidius ervi parasitizing the pea aphid. Effects of alyssum and sugar solution on the biology of a. Aphid endoparasitic wasps including aphidius colemani and aphidius ervi are 23 mm. Pdf taxonomy, origin, distribution and host range of. Aphidius ervi was introduced in chile in the 1970s as part of a classical biological control strategy to minimize the damage caused by the grain aphid s. Mating in the aphid parasitoid, aphidius ervi, is mediated by sex pheromones.
The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. Parasitic wasp combination consisting of aphidius colemani and aphidius ervi. Background parasitoids are frequently used in biological control due to the fact that they are considered host specific and highly efficient at attacking their hosts. An aphidius ervi in nahilalakip ha genus nga aphidius, ngan familia nga braconidae. A strong flier, it can locate small aphid colonies, making it excellent for preventive applications. Adw doesnt cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. For example, the container in figure 1 has two parasitoids. Potato aphid macrosiphum euporbiae, greenhouse potato aphid aulacorthum solani, pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum, green peach.
During their larval stage, most aphidius feed within the body of an aphid. Stop aphid infestations early with these aphid parasites. Where established aphid colonies are already present, the product may be used curatively at a higher rate, generally by releasing the predatory wasps immediately adjacent to the aphid colonies. Part of the developments in plant pathology book series dipp, volume 14. Generalist parasitoids of aphids, such as the wasp aphidius ervi, display significant differences in terms of host preference and host acceptance, depending on the host on which they developed natal host, which is preferred over a nonnatal host, a trait known as host fidelity. It stings and parasitizes larger aphids, such as the foxglove aphid, aulacorthum. Greenhouse cucumbers 1 aphidius plant, weekly until established. Olfactory responses of aphidius gifuensis to odors of host. These are live insects and must be shipped overnight. The gas chromatographyelectroantennographic detection gcead active compounds were identified and candidate compounds were further tested by electroantennography eag and wind tunnel assays. How does biological control with aphidiussystem work.
Parasitic wasp, aphidius ervi for aphid control bugs for. This book is highly recommended for home gardeners, commercial growers, students, advisors and to anyone else interested in the subject. These tiny 18 or 23 mm aphid parasites seek out aphid colonies to provide food and a place to oviposit. Females lay hundreds of eggs during the first 4 days of their adult life. The parasitic wasps detect alarm signals from an affected plant and the smell of honeydew secreted by the host. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. Presence of lesspreferred hosts of the aphid parasitoids. In greenhouses, the black adults parasitize particularly potato aphid and foxglove aphid, which turn into a grey or brown mummy. Using a mix of the two has a far greater probability of success in a greenhouse situation. Aphid endoparasitic wasp aphidius ervi wasps are black in color, 45 mm long and slender bodied with brown colored legs and long antennae. The same biological control agents usually affect both species of aphids, and the presence of. Aphidius ervi are shipped in a 125 ml bottle that contains at least 250 mummies and adult aphid parasites. The use of a selective insecticide is highly recommended for integrated pest management programs.
The bottle has a ventilated cap for optimum humidity. In the adult stage, it measures 45 mm and has a blackish body with the long. Aphidinfested plants were significantly more attractive towards aphidius ervi than undamaged plants and aphids themselves. The aim of the present study was to test the consequences of the simultaneous presence of three cereal aphids sitobion avenae fabricius, metopolophium dirhodum walker, and rhopalosiphum padi linnaeus on the parasitism by two of their parasitoids, aphidius ervi. Capable of parasitizing hundreds of aphids, it can be used for. Complete metamorphosis takes place within the host. Aphidius ervi tip top biocontrol beneficial insects. How it works the female predatory wasp lays an egg in the aphid.
The koppert knowing and recognizing book english version 9953 offers educating facts about the biology of glasshouse pests and their natural enemies. Sex ratio in the aphid parasitoid aphidius colemani hymenoptera. Pdf effects on the aphid parasitoid aphidius ervi of an. As they spend a significant part of their life cycle within their hosts, feeding habits and life history of their host can promote specialization via hostrace formation sequential radiation. Field studies and laboratory bioassays demonstrated that time of day and adult age affect both the emission of, and receptivity to, the sex pheromones. Aphidius colemani information page natural enemies. Aphidius ervi is an hymenoptera braconidae common parasitoid of different genus of aphids like macrosiphum, aulacorthum, acyrtosiphon and others, all of which are characterized by larger dimensions in respect to the hosts preferred by the close species a. Parasitoid aphidius ervi is used for biological control of bigger aphid species like macrosiphum euphorbiae and acyrthosiphon pisum since 1996. Biological control of aphids entails correctly identifying the aphid or aphids attacking your horticultural crops so you can select the appropriate parasitoid. These endoparasitic aphid wasps are commercially available and considered as the excellent biological control agent in controlling different species of aphids especially acyrthosiphon pisum, macrosiphum euphorbiae and myzus persicae that cause a serious. Pdf biological control of the aphids by utilising parasitoids. Optimal temperatures for aphidius ervi range from 60 to 77. Erviline biological control agent contains the braconid wasp, aphidius ervi.
The effect of banker plant species on the fitness of aphidius colemani viereck and its aphid host rhopalosiphum padi l. The blend of volatile compounds emitted by tomato plants solanum lycopersicum infested with the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae has been studied comparatively with undamaged plants and aphids themselves. Koppert knowing and recognizing book english version. Greenhouse tomatoes 1 aphidius 10 plants, weekly for 2 weeks. Hostlocating response by the aphid parasitoid aphidius. The egg hatches within 23 days and the larva feeds on the aphid leaving a. The aphid acyrthosiphon pisum exhibits a greater survival after a heat shock when parasitized by the wasp aphidius ervi vincenzo trotta, pierluigi forlano, patrizia falabella, donatella battaglia, paolo fanti. Both aphidius colemani aphidiusforce c and aphidius ervi aphidiusforce e are parasitoid wasps that will attack many common species of aphids. The life cycle of aphidius ervi is longer than that of aphidius colemani at the same temperatures, and the parasite is larger and selects larger hosts. Parasitic waspsaphidius ervi controlling aphid in production horticulture. Syngenta agro, a systemic insecticide, is regarded as a good candidate for use in situations where plantsucking insects. Aphidiidae article pdf available in biological control 45. Aphidius ervi information sheet biological services. Reproductive strategies of aphidius ervi haliday hymenoptera.
Mummies see parasitoids page are 1mm in size and a light bronze color. Virgin females produce pheromones that stimulate both upwind flight and elicit closerange courtship behavior by males. Abstract the olfactory responses of aphidius gifuensis to odors from two host plants nicotiana tabacum and brassica napus ssp. Aphidius ervi will consume all types of larger aphids, especially the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae, and the glasshouse potato aphid, aulacorthum. March15,20 onthe28thofapril2012thecontentsoftheenglishaswellasgermanwikibooksandwikipedia projectswerelicensedundercreativecommonsattributionsharealike3. For heavy infestations, doses may be increased 5 fold. Insects free fulltext identification and expression. Aphidius ervi is effective against larger aphid species, such as potato aphid and foxglove aphid, but is ineffective against green peach and melon aphid aphidius species are very small, nonstinging wasps with long, slender body and long antennae. Braconidae is a major natural enemy of several aphid species in north america, including its main aphid host the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum harris. Greenhouse tomatoes 1 aphidius10 plants, weekly for 2 weeks. Aphidius ervi is another cosmopolitan species that parasitizes numerous aphid species in many different crops. National institutes of health the european molecular biology laboratory state secretariat for education. Aphidius adults are small wasps, typically less than 18 inch 3 mm long.